Likarolo tsa tšepe ea carbon

Tlhaloso e Khutšoanyane:

Lentsoe "carbon steel" le ka boela la sebelisoa ha ho buuoa ka tšepe eo e seng tšepe e sa hloekang;tšebelisong ena tšepe ea carbon e ka kenyelletsa litšepe tsa motsoako.K'habone e phahameng e na le ts'ebeliso e mengata e fapaneng joalo ka mechini e silang, lisebelisoa tsa ho seha (joalo ka lichesele) le likhoele tse matla haholo.


Lintlha tsa Sehlahisoa

Li-tag tsa Sehlahisoa

Ho kenngoa ha likarolo tsa tšepe ea Carbon

Carbon steel ke tšepe e nang le khabone ho tloha ho 0.05 ho isa ho 3.8% ka boima ba 'mele.Tlhaloso ea carbon steel ho tsoa ho American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) e re:
1. ha ho na bonyane litaba tse boletsoeng kapa tse hlokahalang bakeng sa chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, kapa ntho leha e le efe e 'ngoe e lokelang ho eketsoa ho fumana phello e lakatsehang ea motsoako;
2. bonyane bo boletsoeng bakeng sa koporo ha bo fete liphesente tse 0,40;
3. kapa boholo ba dikahare bo hlalositsweng bakeng sa efe kapa efe ya dikarolo tse latelang ha bo fete diphesente tse bontshitsweng: manganese 1.65 per cent;silicon 0,60 lekholong;koporo karolo ea 0,60 lekholong.
Lentsoe "carbon steel" le ka boela la sebelisoa ha ho buuoa ka tšepe eo e seng tšepe e sa hloekang;tšebelisong ena tšepe ea carbon e ka kenyelletsa litšepe tsa motsoako.K'habone e phahameng e na le ts'ebeliso e mengata e fapaneng joalo ka mechini e silang, lisebelisoa tsa ho seha (joalo ka lichesele) le likhoele tse matla haholo.Lisebelisoa tsena li hloka microstructure e ntle haholo, e ntlafatsang ho tiea.

Phekolo ea mocheso ea likarolo tsa tšepe ea Carbon

Ha karolo ea carbon e ntse e phahama, tšepe e na le bokhoni ba ho ba thata le ho ba matla ka ho phekola mocheso;leha ho le joalo, e fetoha ductile e fokolang.Ho sa tsotelehe kalafo ea mocheso, khabone e phahameng e fokotsa ho cheseha.Litšeng tsa k'habone, boleng bo phahameng ba khabone bo theola sebaka se qhibilihang.

Sepheo sa mocheso o phekolang carbon steel ke ho fetola thepa ea mochine ea tšepe, hangata ductility, thata, matla a lihlahisoa, kapa ho hanyetsa tšusumetso.Hlokomela hore conductivity ea motlakase le ea mocheso e fetoha hanyenyane feela.Joalo ka mekhoa e mengata e matlafatsang ea tšepe, modulus ea Young (elasticity) ha e amehe.Liphekolo tsohle tsa khoebo ea tšepe ductility bakeng sa matla a eketsehileng le ka tsela e fapaneng.Tšepe e na le ho qhibiliha ho holimo bakeng sa carbon mokhahlelong oa austenite;ka hona liphekolo tsohle tsa mocheso, ntle le spheroidizing le process annealing, li qala ka ho futhumatsa tšepe ho mocheso oo mokhahlelo oa austenitic o ka bang teng.Tšepe e ntan'o tima (mocheso o huloang) ka tekanyo e itekanetseng ho ea tlaase e lumellang carbon hore e phalle ka ntle ho austenite e etsa tšepe-carbide (cementite) ebe e siea ferrite, kapa ka tekanyo e phahameng, e tšoara carbon ka har'a tšepe kahoo e etsa martensite. .Sekhahla seo tšepe e pholisoang ka sona ka mocheso oa eutectoid (hoo e ka bang 727 °C) e ama sekhahla seo carbon e tsoang ka har'a austenite e etsa cementite.Ka kakaretso, ho pholile ka potlako ho tla siea carbide ea tšepe e hasane hantle 'me e hlahise pearlite e ntle ea lijo-thollo,' me ho pholile butle ho tla fana ka pearlite e khōloanyane.Ho pholile ha tšepe ea hypoeutectoid (tlase ho 0.77 wt% C) ho fella ka mohaho oa lamellar-pearlitic oa likarolo tsa tšepe tsa carbide tse nang le α-ferrite (hoo e batlang e le tšepe e hloekileng) pakeng tsa.Haeba e le tšepe ea hypereutectoid (ho feta 0,77 wt% C) joale mohaho o tletse pearlite e nang le lithollo tse nyenyane (tse khōloanyane ho feta pearlite lamella) ea cementite e entsoeng ka meeli ea lijo-thollo.Eutectoid steel (0,77% carbon) e tla ba le sebopeho sa pearlite ho pholletsa le lijo-thollo tse se nang cementite meeling.Likarolo tse lekanyelitsoeng tsa likarolo li fumanoa ho sebelisoa molao oa lever.Se latelang ke lethathamo la mefuta ea phekolo ea mocheso e ka khonehang.

Likarolo tsa tšepe tsa carbon Versus Alloy steel parts

Alloy steel ke tšepe e kopantsoeng le mefuta e fapaneng ea likarolo ka kakaretso e pakeng tsa 1.0% le 50% ka boima ba 'mele ho ntlafatsa thepa ea eona ea mochini.Litšepe tsa alloy li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli: litšepe tse tlaase tsa alloy le litšepe tse phahameng tsa alloy.Phapang pakeng tsa tsena tse peli ea tsekoa.Smith le Hashemi ba hlalosa phapang ho 4.0%, ha Degarmo, et al., Ba e hlalosa ho 8.0%.Hangata, poleloana "alloy steel" e bolela litšepe tse tlaase.

Ha e le hantle, tšepe e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ke motsoako, empa hase litšepe tsohle tse bitsoang "alloy steels".Litšepe tse bonolo ka ho fetisisa ke tšepe (Fe) e kopantsoeng le carbon (C) (hoo e ka bang 0.1% ho ea ho 1%, ho itšetlehile ka mofuta).Leha ho le joalo, lentsoe "alloy steel" ke lentsoe le tloaelehileng le bolelang litšepe tse nang le lisebelisoa tse ling tse kenyelletsoeng ka boomo ho phaella ho carbon.Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa manganese (e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa), nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, silicon le boron.Li-alloyane tse sa tloaelehang li kenyelletsa aluminium, cobalt, koporo, cerium, niobium, titanium, tungsten, tin, zinki, lead le zirconium.

Lintlha tse latelang ke mefuta e mengata e ntlafalitsoeng ea litšepe tsa alloy (ha li bapisoa le litšepe tsa carbon): matla, ho thatafala, ho tiea, ho hanyetsa ho apara, ho hanyetsa kutu, ho thatafala le ho thatafala ho chesang.Ho finyella tse ling tsa thepa ena e ntlafetseng tšepe e ka hloka phekolo ea mocheso.

Tse ling tsa tsona li fumana tšebeliso lits'ebetsong tse sa tloaelehang le tse batloang haholo, joalo ka mahare a turbine a lienjine tsa jete, le litsing tsa nyutlelie.Ka lebaka la thepa ea tšepe ea ferromagnetic, lisebelisoa tse ling tsa tšepe li fumana lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa moo likarabo tsa tsona ho magnetism li leng bohlokoa haholo, ho kenyeletsoa ka li-motor tsa motlakase le li-transformer.

Phekolo ea mocheso likarolong tsa tšepe ea Carbon

Spheroidizing
Spheroidite e etsoa ha tšepe ea carbon e futhumatsoa hoo e ka bang 700 ° C ka lihora tse fetang 30.Spheroidite e ka theha mocheso o tlase empa nako e hlokahalang e eketseha haholo, kaha sena ke ts'ebetso e laoloang ke ho hasana.Sephetho ke sebopeho sa melamu kapa likaroloana tsa cementite ka har'a sebopeho sa mantlha (ferrite kapa pearlite, ho latela hore na u ka lehlakoreng lefe la eutectoid).Sepheo ke ho nolofatsa litšepe tse phahameng tsa carbon le ho lumella sebopeho se eketsehileng.Ena ke mofuta oa tšepe o bonolo ka ho fetisisa le o nang le ductile.

Ho hlapa ka botlalo
Tšepe ea carbon e futhumatsoa hoo e ka bang 40 °C ka holimo ho Ac3 kapa Acm bakeng sa hora e le 'ngoe;sena se tiisa hore ferrite eohle e fetoha austenite (le hoja cementite e ntse e ka ba teng haeba carbon content e le kholo ho feta eutectoid).Joale tšepe e tlameha ho pholile butle, sebakeng sa 20 °C (36 °F) ka hora.Hangata ke sebōpi se pholileng feela, moo sebōpi se timang ka tšepe e ntse e le ka hare.Sena se fella ka sebopeho se mahoashe sa pearlitic, se bolelang "lihlopha" tsa pearlite li teteaneng.Tšepe e kentsoeng ka ho feletseng e bonolo ebile e le ductile, ha e na likhatello tsa ka hare, tseo hangata li hlokahalang bakeng sa ho etsa chelete e ngata.Ke tšepe ea spheroidized feela e bonolo ebile e le ductile ho feta.

Ts'ebetso annealing
Mokhoa o sebelisetsoang ho imolla khatello ea kelello ka tšepe ea carbon e sebetsang ka serame e ka tlaase ho 0.3% C. Hangata tšepe e futhumatsoa ho 550-650 ° C ka hora e le 'ngoe, empa ka linako tse ling mocheso o fihla ho 700 °C.Setšoantšo se ka ho le letona[tlhaloso e hlokahalang] e bonts'a sebaka seo ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso e hlahang teng.

Ho kokobetsa hoa Isothermal
Ke ts'ebetso eo ho eona tšepe ea hypoeutectoid e futhumatsang ka holim'a mocheso o boima o ka holimo.Thempereichara ena e bolokoa nako e itseng ebe e fokotsoa ho ba ka tlase ho mocheso o tlase o boima 'me e boetse e bolokiloe.E ntan'o pholile mocheso oa kamore.Mokhoa ona o felisa mocheso ofe kapa ofe oa mocheso.

Ho tloaeleha
Tšepe ea carbon e futhumatsoa hoo e ka bang 55 °C ka holimo ho Ac3 kapa Acm bakeng sa hora e le 'ngoe;sena se tiisa hore tšepe e fetoha ka ho feletseng ho austenite.Joale tšepe e pholile moeeng, e leng sekhahla se pholileng sa hoo e ka bang 38 °C (100 °F) ka motsotso.Sena se fella ka sebopeho se setle sa pearlitic, le sebopeho se sa tšoaneng.Litšepe tse tloaelehileng li na le matla a phahameng ho feta a annealed steel;e na le matla a batlang a phahame le boima.

Ho tima
Tšepe ea carbon e nang le bonyane 0.4 wt% C e futhumatsoa ho ea ho maemo a tloaelehileng a mocheso ebe e pholile ka potlako (e tima) metsing, brine, kapa oli ho ea mocheso o boima.Thempereichara e mahlonoko e ipapisitse le litaba tsa khabone, empa joalo ka molao-kakaretso o tlase ha khabone e ntse e eketseha.Sena se fella ka sebopeho sa martensitic;mofuta oa tšepe o nang le khabone e tletse ka har'a sebopeho sa kristale se holofetseng se bohareng ba 'mele, se bitsoang body-centered tetragonal (BCT), se nang le khatello ea maikutlo e ngata kahare.Ka hona tšepe e tingoeng e thata haholo empa ea robeha, hangata e robeha haholo bakeng sa merero e sebetsang.Likhatello tsena tsa ka hare li ka 'na tsa baka mapetsong a khatello holim'a metsi.Tšepe e tingoeng e batla e le thata ka makhetlo a mararo (nne le k'habone e ngata) ho feta tšepe e tloaelehileng.

Martempering (marquenching)
Martempering ha e le hantle ha se mokhoa oa ho halefisa, ke ka hona lentsoe "marquenching".Ke mofuta oa phekolo ea mocheso oa isothermal o sebelisoang ka mor'a ho tima ha pele, hangata ka bateng e qhibilihisitsoeng ea letsoai, mocheso o ka holimo ho "mocheso oa ho qala ha martensite".Ka mocheso ona, likhatello tse setseng ka har'a lisebelisoa li imolohile 'me tse ling tsa bainite li ka thehoa ho tloha ho bolokoa austenite e neng e se na nako ea ho fetoha ntho leha e le efe.Ka indasteri, sena ke mokhoa o sebelisoang ho laola ductility le ho thatafala ha thepa.Ka nako e telele ea marquenching, ductility e eketseha ka tahlehelo e fokolang ea matla;tšepe e tšoaroa ka tharollo ena ho fihlela mocheso o ka hare le o ka ntle oa karolo o lekana.Ebe tšepe e pholile ka lebelo le itekanetseng ho boloka mocheso o fokolang.Hase feela hore ts'ebetso ena e fokotsa khatello ea kelello ea ka hare le mapetsong a khatello ea kelello, empa e boetse e eketsa ho hanyetsa tšusumetso.

Ho halefisa
Ena ke phekolo e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ea mocheso, hobane thepa ea ho qetela e ka khethoa hantle ke mocheso le nako ea mocheso.Ho futhumatsa ho kenyelletsa ho futhumatsa tšepe e tingoeng mochesong o ka tlase ho mocheso oa eutectoid ebe o pholile.Mocheso o phahameng o lumella hore ho thehoe spheroidite e nyenyane haholo, e tsosolosang ductility, empa e fokotsa ho thatafala.Lithempereichara le linako tsa 'nete li khethoa ka hloko bakeng sa sebopeho ka seng.

Boikemisetso
Ts'ebetso ea ho tsitsa e tšoana le ea martempering, ntle le hore ho tima ho sitisoe 'me tšepe e ts'oaroe ka har'a bateng e qhibilihisitsoeng ea letsoai mocheso o pakeng tsa 205 °C le 540 °C, ebe e pholile ka tekanyo e itekanetseng.Tšepe e hlahisoang, e bitsoang bainite, e hlahisa microstructure ea acicular ka tšepe e nang le matla a maholo (empa a le tlase ho martensite), ductility e kholoanyane, ho hanyetsa tšusumetso e phahameng, le ho sotha ho fokolang ho feta tšepe ea martensite.Bothata ba ho tsitsa ke hore e ka sebelisoa feela ka litšepe tse 'maloa,' me e hloka bate e khethehileng ea letsoai.

Carbon steel cnc turning bush for shaft1

Carbon steel cnc
sehlahla se fetohang bakeng sa moqomo

Carbon steel casting1

Carbon steel cnc
ho etsa anodizing e ntsho

Bush parts with blackening treatment

Likarolo tsa Bush le
kalafo e ntshofatsang

Carbon steel turning parts with hexgon bar

Ho fetola tšepe ea carbon
likarolo tse nang le hexgon bar

Carbon steel DIN gearing parts

Tšepe ea carbon
Likarolo tsa lisebelisoa tsa DIN

Carbon steel forging machining parts

Tšepe ea carbon
ho qapa likarolo tsa mochini

Carbon steel cnc turning parts with phosphating

Carbon steel cnc
ho fetola likarolo tse nang le phosphating

Bush parts with blackening treatment

Likarolo tsa Bush le
kalafo e ntshofatsang


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  • E 'ngoe:

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